Holding Onto All of Me

Reflections on seven and a half years of learning the Daf

A version of this article appeared in Mishpacha Magazine, December 25, 2019

It was close to 1 a.m., finishing an extremely long and grueling day. I was exhausted, having spent the day travelling to and conducting a funeral, ready and eager to collapse into bed, desperate for some sleep. And yet, there was something more to do, the day still incomplete, and so I could not retire for the night, even if it was really already the morning, until it was done. Before putting the day behind me, I sat down to learn.

Please understand that, baruch Hashem, learning Torah has been a core and central part of my entire adult life. In addition to the rigorous schedule of shiurim I am fortunate to teach, I have had a daily chavrusah for many years. Nevertheless, our schedules occasionally get away from us, and due to emergencies, the need to travel, or unexpected interruptions, there are days when our learning together simply doesn’t happen and, shamefully too often, neither does my personal Torah learning.

What makes a person who is desperate for sleep find the energy and willpower to stay up just a little bit longer to learn? What changed that made me sit down that night in a deep state of exhaustion?  

Seven-and-a-half years ago, we had the privilege to broadcast the Siyum HaShas at our shul, Boca Raton Synagogue. Throughout the inspirational evening and the electric speeches, my chavrusah and I kept looking at each other. We didn’t even need to say the words. Our glances communicated our new commitment: We were going to join the Daf Yomi movement and finish Shas together.   

In these seven-and-a -half years, we have honored that promise, learning early in the morning or late at night, in the bais midrash or on the phone, sometimes in my house, at times in his house, on the sidelines of a simcha, even sitting next to each other on a plane or in a parked car.

Of course, my story is far from unique. The benefits of learning the Daf are well known and have been amplified in many places. I can add my own affirmation in recognizing that without exaggeration, my family and my chavrusah’s family have been transformed, and our lives have been enriched. We are now members of a community and a movement, and we are literally on the same page with Klal Yisrael.  

And yet, to be honest, with all those benefits, there is an enormous drawback, a major challenge in covering an entire daf each and every day. For me, and I suspect many others, it is almost impossible to retain learning at that accelerated pace. Even for those who review, and certainly for those who only learn it once and move on, it is difficult to remember not just everything, but anything. Sometimes, one can forget not only which perek or daf, but even which masechta an idea or topic appeared in. 

Chazal tell us in Pirkei Avos (6:1) that among the rewards for one who occupies himself with Torah lishmah is, “Umachsharto lihiyos tzaddik v’chassid yashar v’ne’eman – Torah equips him to be righteous, pious, upright, and trustworthy.” Rav Chaim Volozhiner (Ruach Chaim) explains that just as hechsher keilim purges treif, non-kosher, from a utensil, so too, Torah has the capacity to kasher, purge the treif, impure thoughts, ideas and images from a person’s neshamah

This insight gives me chizuk and inspiration when reflecting on the enormous ground we have covered yet I don’t feel I’m “holding” in. It goes without saying that we should do our best to review diligently and to absorb all of our learning. But the deeper power of Torah is that even when we don’t fully retain what we’ve learned, even when it feels like it goes in one ear and comes out the other, the Torah we are learning kashers what is between our ears while it passes through.

Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “I cannot remember the books I’ve read any more than the meals I have eaten, even so, they have made me.” At the end of a given year, we have eaten over a thousand meals and likely don’t remember a vast majority of them. Yet, if we skipped meals, certainly if we went a few days without eating, we would feel the impact and suffer from malnourishment, and it would compromise our health.  

Ki heim chayeinu v’orech yameinu. Torah is the nourishment for our souls. It is our very life source. If we skip a spiritual meal or a dose of Daf, we compromise our spiritual health. We may not remember what we ingested each time we learned, but make no mistake: Our Torah learning makes us much more than the food we eat.

If I come home late at night and haven’t eaten all day, no matter how tired I am, I stop on the way to bed to grab something to eat. Even though my craving for sleep is greater than my appetite for food, it is inconceivable to go to sleep on an empty stomach. Being dedicated to the Daf movement has helped me bring the same attitude to learning. No matter how tired I may be, or how desperate for sleep, if I haven’t yet learned that day’s daf, I simply cannot go to sleep on an empty spiritual stomach.

With this siyum, many people are finishing Shas. We have learned 2,711 pages of Gemara, but how many can we remember? How many of the robust debates, sharp analysis and penetrating insights can we quote or reference? I myself have debated my worthiness in being considered as having made a Siyum HaShas when I am not truly holding in Shas. Is remembering Shas a prerequisite for celebrating a Siyum HaShas?  

The Gemara (Yevamos 121a) tells us that Rabban Gamliel relates that he was once at sea and from a distance saw a boat that had capsized and sank. “I was distraught over the loss of Rebbi Akiva, who was on board. When I disembarked onto dry land, Rebbi Akiva came before me to study. Shocked, I asked, ‘My son, who brought you up from the water?’ Rebbi Akiva responded, ‘Daf shel sefinah.A daf (wooden plank) from the boat floated to me. I grabbed onto it and I bent my head before each and every wave that came toward me until I reached the shore.’”

As is well known, when first proposing the Daf Yomi movement, Rav Meir Shapiro quoted this story and said that when we feel life has thrown us overboard, when we sense that we are drowning, we, too, can grab onto our daf, Daf Yomi, to find balance and to feel safe.

Indeed, the greatness of Daf Yomi is in its consistency and kashering capacity. The daily study of Torah purifies us, cleanses us, inspires us, and enriches us. But we don’t only go through Shas. As importantly, even when we can’t remember everything that we learned, we are transformed by the fact that Shas has gone through us.

I saw and felt the power of grabbing onto the Daf firsthand recently when I, along with our whole community in South Florida, went through the horrific loss of an extraordinary friend. Despite a grueling schedule as a prominent physician, serving as a leader for several communal organizations including our shul and a local yeshiva, my yedid nefesh Brian Galbut z”l always set aside time for Torah study each and every day. Space does not permit a full accounting of how special and extraordinary Brian was, but it was no secret to anyone who knew him that among his great passions and learning accomplishments was finishing the Daf Yomi cycle several times.

A little over two years ago, when as a young man Brian was diagnosed with an aggressive brain tumor, the Daf took on even greater significance to him and he grabbed onto it. The week after his first brain surgery, Brian was not recuperating in his bed or convalescing on the couch. Instead, he was sitting in the local kollel. He felt that learning Torah, reviewing the Daf over and over again, was a critical part of his healing process. When I planned a visit, he said, “Why don’t you come meet me at the kollel? We can do the Daf.” And that is exactly what we did on more than one occasion. In the weeks after his diagnosis, he spent time calling friends and family from around the world, asking if they could take up learning Daf Yomi in his merit. Many did, and many are still doing it thanks to those phone calls.

As Brian’s horrific illness progressed, his once brilliant mind struggled to even gain a basic understanding of the Gemara. Instead of getting frustrated, he grabbed onto the Daf tighter and reviewed it even more times each day. In the last few days of his life, Brian was no longer conscious, but his family understood that as important as any medicine dripping into his veins was the sound of that day’s Daf reverberating into his ears. Right on his pillow, literally next to his head, the Daf Yomi shiur was playing on repeat. At that point, Brian was no longer able to go through the Daf. But make no mistake: Even then the Daf continued to go through him.  

In the end, I am enormously proud to be part of this Siyum. While I cannot confidently tell you that I am holding in all of Shas, I can tell you with certainty that Shas is holding onto all of me. And that is why, as we begin the next cycle, I have no intention of putting it down.

No Words

Last week, our BRS staff luncheon began
with an icebreaker to welcome some new members to our team.  Each person was asked the following question:
If you could meet and spend time with one person you have never met, someone
you look up to, someone not related to you and who is among the living, who
would it be?  As we went around, some
said great religious personalities, others said famous people. 

When my turn came, I said there is a
person whose blog I read, whose story inspires me, whom I have even written about, but have never
met: Rabbi Yitzi Hurwitz.  Despite the
unimaginable challenges he faces and the condition he lives with, he has unshakable
faith and a true joy for life.  The icebreaker
concluded, we held the meeting and then someone suddenly said, “Hey Rabbi,
aren’t you going to LA this weekend, why not go meet him?” And that is exactly
what we did.

This past Friday, my wife, a few of my
children and I prepared to greet the holy Shabbos by visiting with a holy
person.  None of us will soon forget the
time we spent with Rav Yitzi and his devoted aide.  ALS has left R’ Yitzi, a young Chabad Rabbi, completely
paralyzed.  He relies on a permanent
ventilator to breathe and a feeding tube for nourishment.  He communicates with his eyes, not only by
moving them to control a screen that enables him to type, but also by simply
looking into the eyes of those around him.  
His eyes project warmth, love, kindness, and a deep faith.

Those who have the ability to speak easily
and effortlessly often speak too freely, wasting that precious gift on idle
chatter, gossip, envy, complaints or even hurtful words.  But, when you can only express your thoughts
by painstakingly and patiently using your eyes to choose letters that combine
into words and ultimately form sentences, you measure those words much more
carefully and mindfully.  

Each time Yitzi had something to share, it
took significant time to type, type, delete, type, form a word and finally communicate
the thought.  Given the effort, it was
clear he was choosing his words carefully. 
I won’t waste space with what we said, but I want to share with you what
he chose to write.

He began, “Yocheved, tell me about your
children.”  After she answered, he then
looked over at my young son and asked for a Dvar Torah.  My son talked about the Parsha and then Rav
Yitzi reciprocated with a Dvar Torah of his own that he had already typed
out.  Next, he turned to his aide and
asked him to bring out treats for the children. 
When we told him there was no need and that meeting him was the biggest
treat they could have, he told us that he was so happy we came.  We talked some more and referenced his wife’s
inspiring talk in our community a few years ago and he responded by telling us
that his wife is amazing.

Here is a person who has every reason in
the world to complain, express sadness, project hopelessness or revolve the
conversation around himself.  And yet,
the common theme of everything Rav Yitzi had to say to us incorporated positivity,
kindness, compliments, and Torah. 

Faith and hope were not just the tone and
tenor he took with us.  Rav Yitzi’s
writings are filled with these messages and, given his condition and the effort
necessary to produce them, they could not be more authentic and compelling.

For example, he recently wrote thoughts
that were shared in his name by his son just a few weeks ago at Chabad’s annual
Kinnus Ha’Shluchim of over 5,800 people:

One thing I have learned from my experience is that there is hardly a person who doesn’t have struggles. Whether it be health, money, shalom bayis, shidduchim, children, or something else. In my case it’s open and impossible to hide, so I am on display. But that doesn’t mean that your struggles are any less. 

You need to know that whatever you are dealing with, it’s directly from Hashem. That means that He wants something from you that can only be realized through your difficulty. It doesn’t mean that your mission and purpose has to end, rather that there is something else being asked of you, a new stage of your purpose and mission. You don’t have to fight it, rather, you should find a way for your struggle to take you to the next level… 

This is positivity in the face of any challenge, not only to deal with your challenge, or to learn from your challenge, but to use your difficulty to lift you and your family to heights previously unimaginable, and even more, to use your difficulties as a platform to lift others up. Because there is nothing better than lifting the spirit of a Jewish person. 

When I went for the first round of tests, I was given a devastating diagnosis, “You have bulbar ALS.” 

I didn’t understand what the doctor was saying, so I asked him to explain. He said, “It’s very serious, you are going to lose your muscles and you will be paralyzed, it’s the most aggressive form of the disease, you have two years to live.” As you could imagine, I was shaken to the core. 

When I left the office I was all alone, walking into the empty hallway I broke down in a fit of bitter tears. When I composed myself, I exited the building, and I saw a man falling on the ground having a seizure and I ran to help him. At that moment, I realized that there is still a lot that I can do. 

I resolved right there and then that no matter what the results of any further “tests,” I am going to remain positive and find a way to make a difference. I couldn’t imagine how high that way of thinking would take me. 

We live in a world of darkness, with too
many people struggling with feelings of hopelessness and helplessness.  We will soon begin Chanukah and we will
attempt to dispel the darkness of negativity with the light of Emunah and
hope.  For eight days our mandate will be
to illuminate the world with gratitude, joy, and faith.   For eight days our mission will be to publicize
Hashem’s great miracles and through them remind all of God’s unparalleled power
and His limitless ability to intervene in our lives and bring personal
redemption and blessing.

Several years ago, Rav Yitzi’s family
found an old memory card and discovered an original song he had composed. Not
surprisingly, it is called “Shine a Little Light,” and calls on all to make the
world a brighter place.  Famous Jewish
musicians worked together to produce a wonderful version of the song and music video tribute to him.

Though Rabbi Yitzi Hurwitz can only
communicate through his eyes, he continues to inspire with his indomitable
spirit, his courage and faith and his joyful soul.  He is proof that while some are fully mobile
and functional and yet only spread darkness, one can be fully paralyzed and
limited and still be filling the world with light. 

This Chanukah, let’s not only light the
Menorah, let’s light up the world with goodness, positivity, kindness, faith
and Torah’s timeless messages.

(Rav Yitzi’s medical costs are enormous.
If you would like to help his family care for him and enable him to continue
spreading his light, please consider contributing here – https://run4yitzi.com)

Don’t Put Me in a Box: The Death of Nuance

On
the one hand, he sent his children to chareidi schools.  On the other, he has proudly taught in
progressive women’s institutions.  He was
educated in the right-wing world, but he profoundly values the miracle of the
modern state of Israel. 

When
asked what world he belongs in, how does he see himself, one of my rebbeim in
Israel answered, “You can put me in a box when I am dead; until then don’t try
to make me fit neatly into one of your labels.”

More
and more, we are forcing people into boxes, even as they are alive.  Everything from politics to religion is
portrayed as simplified and binary. 
Whether gun control, healthcare, the economy, the Palestinian-Israeli
conflict, or women’s role in Judaism, the extremists have lined up and they
want us to believe that we must view these issues and almost any other, as this
or that; you are either with me or against me, you either “totally get it” or
you are “totally insane.”  The camps have
been set up and the default in our world is that you must fit neatly into one
of them.

But
what about the camp of those who don’t fit neatly or conform nicely to the
binary options?  What about those who see
merit in conflicting views, who live with the tension that creates, who
approach complicated issues with nuance and who acknowledge complexity?  Is there room for us, do we get a voice, is
our approach legitimate too? 

I
want to share one example, not to comment on politics, but simply as an
illustration of this dangerous phenomenon:

For
some people, if you acknowledge that President Trump has done very positive
things for Israel you are immediately labeled yourself as a racist, a misogynist,
a supporter and purveyor of hate.  For
others, if you raise issues with the president’s character, his way of speech
and tactics, you are an ungrateful Jew and “how dare you say that about the
best president in history for Israel”. 

In
our polarized world, which yes, the president and his counterparts have
contributed significantly to, you are either with him or against him.  Either he can do no wrong, or he can do no
right.   You must love and adore him, or
reject and hate him. 

But
what about those who feel both extremely grateful for the good he has done and
simultaneously concerned and disturbed by his rhetoric and pomposity that are negative
and dangerous?  Can we not maintain a
more nuanced view, neither support nor reject him wholesale but have different
feelings towards various policies of his and even parts of his personality?

While
the rest of the world may be dividing up into teams, Republicans vs Democrats,
conservatives vs liberals, traditionalist vs progressives, forced to toe the
party line, pressured to hold predictable views based on their membership, we
the Jewish people have a tradition of nuance and diversity. 

The Gemara (Avoda Zara 19a) quotes Rav Chisda who teaches:

כל הלומד תורה מרב אחד אינו רואה
סימן ברכה לעולם.

״One who learns how to
think from only one Rebbe, one teacher, doesn’t ever see blessing.״ Just as with material investments we get a better return when
we diversify, so too our spiritual investments; learning and exposure should be
diversified with openness and access to the seventy faces of authentic Torah.
(Who decides what is authentic and among the legitimate options is beyond the
scope of this article.)

The Midrash (Devarim Rabba 9:9) tells
us:

אָמַר רַבִּי יַנַּאי כָּתַב
שְׁלשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה תּוֹרוֹת, שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר לִשְׁנֵים עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים, וְאַחַת
הִנִּיחַ בָּאָרוֹן, שֶׁאִם יְבַקֵּשׁ לְזַיֵּף דָּבָר, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מוֹצְאִים
אוֹתָהּ שֶׁבָּאָרוֹן.

Moshe
wrote thirteen Torahs, one corresponding with each of the 12 tribes, and the 13th
was to be put into the Aron so that if someone wants to distort any of the 12
Torahs, it would be checked against the 13th for authenticity.

The
Beis HaMikdash had thirteen gates, one corresponding with each tribe and the
thirteenth for those who didn’t know what tribe they descended from.  Once there was a thirteenth gate and a
thirteenth Torah, why the need for the original twelve? 

Perhaps
the message is that each tribe, each camp, each point of view deserves to exist
and be heard in isolation.  But the
diverse points of view also have to recognize and allow for the thirteenth
gate, for those can’t easily fit into one of the existing tribes, who aren’t
natural descendants of a particular point of view but who choose to walk
through the Sha’ar Ha’Kollel, the entrance that allows for nuance, a
multiplicity of views and a complex approach. 

People
are entitled to not fit into a box, to not line up neatly or conform to the
preconceived paradigms of others.   But
more than that, it is wrong for anyone to be overly certain or convinced of
their point of view. When asked what he would eliminate in the world if he had
a magic wand, Nobel prize winner Dr. Daniel Kahneman answered with one word –
overconfidence. 

There
is a difference between having convictions, advocating for a particular point
of view or towards specific policies, and being overly confident that they are
the only way of seeing or doing things. 

When
Yitzchak realizes he has been duped, fooled by his pure son, the pasuk says:

וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד יִצְחָ֣ק חֲרָדָה֮
גְּדֹלָ֣ה עַד־מְאֹד֒

“Yitzchak was seized with very violent trembling.”
 The Midrash tells us that his panic and
fear were even greater than when he was being offered by his father on the
altar. What shook him so profoundly?  Rav Chaim Shmulevitz explains that Yitzchak had held
the opinion that Ya’akov was too pure, too innocent, too naive to be able to
survive exile and withstand the hatred of enemies.  He had bet on Esav as the one who could
operate, fight back and create a continuity of his father’s legacy.  Yitzchak had fiercely clung to that
conviction and prediction. 

And
then, when Ya’akov fooled him and he was proven wrong, Yitzchak was forced to
confront the reality that the very thing he was so certain about, so confident
to be true, was entirely wrong.  He had
crafted a world view and made choices around a truth that turned out to be
false.  That realization shook him even
more than the prospect of being offered on the altar. 

We
shouldn’t wait for the things we are overconfident about to be wrong.  We can feel less certain to begin with and
avoid the panic, shame and regret altogether. 
Be strong in what you believe in, pursue it, represent it, be persuasive
in your arguments for it, and in the end, let others see it differently,
nonetheless.  If we want to see beracha
in our thinking, in our judgment, in our relationships and in our lives, we
need to have more than one rebbe. 

The
community of those who walk through the 13th gate need to speak up
and speak out. We need to not be dragged to overconfident, superficial and
binary positions and conclusions just because it makes it more comfortable or
convenient for others to have us there with them.  Those who maintain a steadfast commitment to
nuance and complexity, who can still see the merit in conflicting views, must
not be silenced by those screaming over them, both online and offline. 

We will all one day be placed in a box; let’s enrich our lives by not putting ourselves or others in one until then.

The Story of Identical Twins: One a Nazi, the other, a Member of the Israeli Navy

Identical twins Jack Yufe and Oskar Stohr

As
twins, Jack and Oskar shared the same
DNA, the same nature, and yet, they emerged radically different people. Born in
Trinidad in 1933, they were six months old when their parents divorced.  Oskar went to Germany with his Catholic
mother, while Jack stayed with his Romanian Jewish father.  Oskar grew up as the Nazis rose to power, greeted
the school principal with “Heil Hitler,” and later joined the Hitler Youth
movement.

Jack, meanwhile, always considered himself Jewish (though halachikly he wasn’t), but didn’t understand the significance of that identity until he was 15 years old and was sent to Venezuela to live with his aunt.  A survivor of Dachau, she was the only person from his father’s side to make it out alive.

After
the war, Jack’s aunt encouraged him to move to Israel and so at 16, he made
Aliyah and joined the Israeli Navy, ultimately becoming an officer.  In 1954, Jack went to Germany to meet his
identical twin.  They were 21 when they
met for the first time as adults. 

Psychologist
Nancy Segal tells the story of that encounter in her book “Indivisible by Two:
Lives of Extraordinary Twins.”  Jack and
Oskar examined one another as if they were looking at an alien, even though the
other’s appearance should have been entirely familiar to them. Their cultural
differences were as immediately apparent as their physical similarities.
Casting a wary eye at Jack’s Israeli luggage tags, Oskar removed them and told
his long-lost brother to tell others he was coming from America, not from
Israel.

Suffice
it to say that first reunion did not go well. Two brothers – one raised a proud
Jew who served in the Israeli Navy and the other raised a German Catholic who
had risen in the Nazi Youth movement and been taught to hate Jews.  Because of the language barrier they couldn’t
communicate much.  At the end of the
visit, they shook hands like strangers and Jack set off to San Diego where he
lived the remainder of his life.

In 1979, Jack read about a study being
done on twins and the great debate between nature and nurture.  He asked if he and his brother could
participate and thought after 25 years it might provide another opportunity for
them to see one another and develop a relationship. 

They met at the Minneapolis airport and to
their amazement discovered they were wearing the exact same thing – a white
sports jacket, similar shirt and wire- rimmed glasses. During the study, they
learned that they had so much in common. 
Both were stubborn and arrogant, both fiercely competitive.  Both read books from back to front, both
sneezed incredibly loudly, they walked in a similar fashion, and they both wore
rubber bands around their wrists.

And
yet, with all that nature gave them in common, nurture had made them
different.  They could never agree on issues
about Israel and her enemies or who was responsible for World War II. Oskar’s
repeated reference to German soldiers as ‘we’ infuriated Jack.  In a BBC documentary about the twins, Jack
describes that they tried to like each other and enjoy each other’s company but
there was always something in the background that they could not tolerate about
one another.  Jack died a few years ago at
82 years old.  Oskar passed away in
1997. 

As twins, Esav and Yaakov shared the same
DNA, the same nature, and yet, they emerged radically different people.  One became a patriarch of our people and the
other a great villain of Jewish History, the progenitor of Edom, the exile in
which we remain until this very day.

Rashi and the Rashbam both explain that
the name Esav comes from עשוי which
means complete, or finished product.  The
simple way to understand this is as a superficial description of Esav’s
appearance.  He was physically mature,
covered in hair and appeared complete, fully grown as an adult. 

However, perhaps Esav’s name and its
implication about his being complete is not just about his physique but much
more importantly about his spirit and approach to life.  In
his Menachem Tziyon, Rav Menachem Bentzion Zaks points out that
the Torah describes that this image of Esav is consistent with the Torah’s
description of him as a “man who knows hunting, a man of the field.”  Esav remains a primitive, boorish man who
spent his days among the animals, doing what animals do – hunting in the field.  Esav sees himself from the start as a
finished product.  What you see is what
you get.  He had no interest or ambition
to grow, change, or improve.  He was עשוי, complete from the start.

Rav Zaks suggests
that Yaakov’s name reflects the exact opposite quality, the insatiable appetite
for growth and improvement.  The root of Yaakov’s
name is “akeiv,” or “heel.”  When we walk, the
heel is the first part of the foot that touches the ground, says Rav Zaks. It
represents the beginning, the first step, with much to follow. Akeiv means the
beginning of a process with much greater things to come as in the expression, “ikvesa de-Meshicha, heel of
the Messianic Era.”  

Esav and Yaakov
are twins who enter the world with the same DNA, the same “nature,” but who
bring contrasting attitudes towards their “nurture.”  Esav is satisfied with who he is from the
start while Yaakov feels entering the world is just the first of many steps and
journeys to come. 

Indeed, while Esav is spiritually stagnant, remains immature and undeveloped, Yaakov spends his life struggling, wrestling and thereby growing.  In our Parsha, he overcomes his shy nature to assert himself, first by obtaining the birthright and then collecting on it by going entirely against his nature and tricking his father into giving him a beracha.  Later, before his reunion with Esav, we will read of his encounter with the angel with whom he wrestles the entire evening and triumphs.  The shy, passive yeshiva bochur who is characterized as sitting learning diligently in the tent, emerges the strong, dynamic, assertive patriarch and leader who is among the greatest role models of our people.

Esav chooses to
remain עשוי but Yaakov puts one foot in front of the other, walks, jogs and
ultimately runs to his destiny as Yisrael. 
No matter what our nature, we are not finished products.  We can nurture ourselves to grow, improve,
and change in all areas of our lives.  We
are Bnai Yisrael, we are the children of Yaakov. 

Jack and Oskar
did not leave legacies based on the “natures” they shared in common like
sneezing loudly or by the way they walked. 
Because of how they were nurtured, Jack left a legacy of having been an
officer in the Israeli Navy while Oskar left of a legacy of having been an
enthusiastic member of the Nazi youth. 

We all have
natures that predispose us, but through the way we nurture our lives, ultimately,
we can choose who we are and the legacy we leave. 

Please Don’t Replace “I’m Sorry” with “Thank You”

On a recent flight, I settled into my seat
tired and hungry.  As one of those increasingly
rare people who don’t mind airplane food, I eagerly awaited my meal.  When the flight attendant approached, I was
disappointed to learn that they didn’t have my kosher meal, but I was even more
disappointed by how flippant she was in informing me.  While I didn’t raise my voice or become
aggressive, I must admit that I felt my blood pressure rise and my muscles
tense when I somewhat forcefully challenged how was it possible that I ordered
the special meal in advance, paid for it as part of my flight, and they were
failing to provide it with no remorse or recourse. 

She gave me a halfhearted “sorry” that sounded more like, “oh well, too bad” and I began to stew in my seat and mentally compose my email complaint to the airline.

A short time later, another flight attendant approached to explain what had happened.  Someone else had ordered a gluten-free meal and my meal had been served to them by accident.  She said it was entirely the crew’s fault, took full responsibility, apologized and continued by telling me she could cobble together kosher products from other meals so that I would have something to eat. 

I immediately felt my demeanor relax and
now it was me being dismissive of the mistake and telling her it was no big
deal, these things happen, don’t worry about it, I could do with skipping a
meal anyway.  I deleted the email I had mentally
drafted, my body relaxed, and this meaningless setback was quickly put in
perspective. 

As I sat there reflecting (plane rides are great for that), it occurred to me that nothing about my growling stomach and missing meal had changed, and yet everything about how I felt about it was now totally different; not because they found my meal, but because I found them to now be sincerely sorry.  

A study published in the Journal of Patient
Safety and Risk Management
 found that hospital staff and
doctors willing to discuss, apologize for, and resolve adverse medical events
through a “collaborative communication resolution program” experienced a
significant decrease in the filing of legal claims, defense costs, liability
costs, and time required to close cases.  The study found that 43% of the cases in which
a medical error had occurred were resolved with a simple apology. 

Even with mistakes much more consequential
than an airplane meal, many or most people just want to hear someone take
responsibility and offer a sincere apology. 

Last year, someone named Lauren tweeted
the following:

The tweet went viral with close to 800,000
liking it and 230,000 retweeting it.  It
clearly resonated, but that is not necessarily a good sign.  Contrary to this misguided sentiment, taking
responsibility and apologizing are not about positivity or negativity.  They are not about avoiding feeling bad.  An apology is all about taking
responsibility, no matter how it makes one feel. 

The Shulchan Aruch (o.c. 606:1) tells us
that if we have hurt or injured someone, in deed or with words, we must take
responsibility and apologize.  If we
aren’t forgiven at first, we must come back a second and even a third time, no
matter how negative it feels, and request forgiveness again and again.   While we think of this law and repairing
relationships in the context of preparing for Yom Kippur, the truth is it
applies all year long and to whenever we may have hurt someone, intentionally
or accidentally. 

Research published in the May 2016 issue
of the Journal of Negotiation and Conflict Management Research found that while
there are six elements to an effective apology, the most important component is
an acknowledgment of responsibility. 
“Thank you for waiting,” is simply not the same as “I am sorry that I
was late and that I kept you waiting.” 

Just this week, Former Mayor Michael
Bloomberg stood before a black Church and apologized for the stop and frisk
policy in place under his administration. 
One can be cynical of the timing, but his expression of remorse had the
elements of a good apology.  “We could
and should have acted sooner, and acted faster, to cut the stops. I wish we
had, and I’m sorry that we didn’t…I can’t change history. I want you to know
that I realize back then I was wrong, and I am sorry.”

Also this week, Antonio Brown apologized
to the Patriots and
team owner Robert Kraft for the negative attention he brought during his brief
time with the team.  The four-time
All-Pro receiver wrote on Instagram: ”All I wanted to be was an asset to the
organization; sorry for the bad media and the drama!”

Bloomberg didn’t say “thank you for
understanding that I thought stop and frisk was good at the time” and Brown
didn’t say “thank you for tolerating the negative attention I brought to the
team.”  They communicated the key
sentiment: I take responsibility, I was wrong, I am sorry. 

Dr. John Gottman came to the same
conclusion about marriage.  He found that
instead of trying to change your spouse, there are four things you can do to
change your relationship for the better, the most important being taking responsibility.  He writes, “We are responsible for how our
words and actions make our partner feel. 
Apologize to your partner by taking responsibility for the problem, even
just a small piece, and this will validate their feelings, promote forgiveness,
and allow you both to move on.”  He
concludes, “Instead of trying to change your partner, be the change you wish to
see in your relationship.”

God didn’t punish Adam and Chava when they
made the mistake of eating from the eitz hada’as.  He held them accountable after He called out “Ayeka?,”
“Where are you?”, and they failed to use the opportunity to take
responsibility.  He didn’t punish Kayin immediately
when he killed Hevel.  He held Kayin
accountable when Kayin failed to take responsibility by saying “Am I my
brother’s keeper?”

In contrast, Rav Chaim Shmulevitz (Sichos
Mussar #15) points out that Yehudah was awarded with malchus, monarchy,
specifically because when challenged, he took responsibility and said צדקה ממני, “I admit that she is more
righteous than I”.  Notice that Yehudah
doesn’t say, “Thank you, Tamar, for letting me falsely accuse you, shame you,
and almost cost you your life”.  Leadership
demands the willingness to say: She was correct, I was wrong, and for that I am
responsible. 

Flight attendants, medical professionals
and every one of us will inevitably be challenged with the call of “Ayeka?,” “Where
are you?” when we have kept someone waiting, given away their meal, made a
mistake with their care, or with something else. 

Whether we fail to answer that call
because it feels negative, or we positively take responsibility and
accountability, will say everything about us. 

Wearing Many Hats: The Balancing Act of Today’s Rebbetzin

Guest Post by Rebbetzin Yocheved Goldberg

Recently, when I mentioned to someone that
I was attending this year’s annual Rebbetzin Conference hosted by Yeshiva
University, she mockingly asked, “What do you do there, exchange potato kugel
recipes?”

Historically, a Rebbetzin had no
particular role and there were no real expectations of her.  She gained her title simply by virtue of
being married to the Rabbi.  Indeed, as
far back as the Talmud, our rabbis say (Shavuos 30b) אשת חבר כחבר, the wife of a Torah scholar is
due the same respect and honor as her husband. 
It is told that when Rav Boruch Ber’s Rebbetzin entered the room,
the Chafetz Chaim stood up to show her honor. 

Not every woman
married to a Rabbi wants to be a Rebbetzin. 
 But for those who do, our role, along
with its expectations and opportunities, has changed dramatically, and not from
potato kugel to yerushalmi. 

It was a true privilege and pleasure to
join over one hundred amazing, devoted, selfless and talented women for the
annual conference this week. Participants spanned the spectrum of age,
background, experience and location but share a commitment to the primacy of
Torah, the authority of our mesorah, and a profound dedication to serve our
people.  Many were from the New York
metropolitan area, but some traveled from as far as California and Canada to
partake in this special opportunity.

We spent two consecutive days engaged in sessions
that addressed diverse and timely topics, such as what we can do during times
of communal tragedy and individual suffering. For example, we considered whether
it is appropriate for the rabbi to share with his Rebbetzin when someone is
going through a crisis or hard time. 
Should she assume her reaching out or getting involved would be
welcomed?  What meaningful role is she
positioned to uniquely play and what difference and impact can she make?

We heard from Sivan Rahav-Meir (who will
be visiting BRS later this year) about what it’s like to be a Torah-observant journalist
in today’s day and age. With her trademark wit and wisdom, she painted a
picture of the daily struggle as a woman trying to balance drive and ambition
with a commitment to tradition and modesty. 

The panel on “singling out singles” was
eye-opening and jarring.  Hearing personal
examples of what it was like to be an “older” single trying to find a place in
the orthodox community and some of the insensitive policies and people they have
had to navigate was startling. 
Certainly, we need to be both more accommodating and more sensitive to
this important demographic in all of our communities.  Hearing the challenges in the shidduch and
dating system moved us to put together a Rebbetzin Shidduch WhatsApp group to
leverage our relationships to network and share ideas for shidduchim.

Other sessions dealt with rise of anxiety
in teenagers, tips to teach our chossons and kallahs, the importance of
self-care, and raising children who may not be following our “derech.” There
were talks on navigating all the relationships in our lives, balancing the many
roles we play, and how to be the best partner and source of support to our
husbands. These sessions were interspersed with high-level shiurim taught by
world-renowned Talmidei Chachamim and scholars. 

The roundtable Rebbitzen’s Cafe discussions
are always a highlight of the conference for me.  Meeting other Rebbetzins committed to the
same cause, and often struggling with the same issues, is a source of great chizuk
and support.  I had the responsibility of
moderating a lively discussion on “communal expectations and responsibilities
when you are not the one being hired.” 
Some pointed out how unfair it feels to be in a position that brings
pressure to meet the great expectations of the Rebbetzin, yet not be compensated
for her time, energy or expertise. 
Others shared their struggle to balance wanting to and being expected to
“show up” for simchas, shiva calls, events and programs with responsibilities
at home.  Still others discussed the
balance between community and career. 

We all agreed that as difficult as these
balancing acts and tensions are, it is a great privilege and honor to be in our
roles and to enjoy the special relationships and special opportunities that
being a Rebbetzin provides.  Many of us were
inclined to be involved, volunteer and be active in Jewish communal life, no
matter who we married.  Being a Rebbetzin
enables and empowers us to do what we are predisposed towards and love in even
bigger, more impactful ways.  In the end,
we can’t do everything all the time, but what we do is not a job, it is our
calling and our passion and we are grateful for the opportunity and the ways it
enriches our lives. 

When the angels approach Avraham, they ask
איה שרה אשתך, where is your wife Sarah, to which
Avraham responds, הנה באהל, she is in the
tent.  Rabbi Soloveitchik writes (Family
Redeemed pp. 111-112):

These travelers were not ordinary people whose eyes see only the surface.  They were the angels of God.  Their glimpse penetrated and apprehended the image of the true leader, teacher, prophetess, to whom everything should be credit.  Nonchalantly they remarked, where is Sarah, your wife?  Without her, you could not play the part that God assigned to you.  Where is she?  Why do people not know the truth?  Why has she been trailing behind you?  Why does she not march in front of you?  After all, the covenant cannot and will not be realized without her.

Avraham answered tersely, in the tent.  Indeed, she is enveloped in mystery.  Sarah, the Biblical woman, is modest, humble self-effacing.  She enters the stage when she is called upon, acts her part with love and devotion in a dim corner of the stage, and then leaves softly by a side door without applause and without the enthusiastic response of an audience which is hardly aware of her.  She returns to her tent, to anonymity and retreat.  Only sensitive people know the truth.

Rebbetzins don’t sit on the bimah, our
names most often don’t appear on the Shul letterhead and while there are
opportunities to teach or speak, we are for the most part not front and
center.  I, for one, wouldn’t have it any
other way.  Like our matriarch and role
model Sarah Imeinu, the world’s first Rebbetzin, we don’t measure our meaning
or establish our value by our public persona, our presence on the pulpit, but
by the partnership we share with our husbands and the work we do to positively
impact and influence our families, our communities and Hashem’s world.

Rabbi Soloveitchik
points out that while Sarah was described as staying in the tent, literally or
figuratively, she was the driving force behind their success.

It is interesting that although Avraham survived Sarah by 38 years, his historical role came to an end with Sarah’s passing.  Yitzchak leaves the stage together with Rivkah.  Yaakov relinquishes his role to Yosef with the untimely death of Rachel.  Without Sarah there would be no Avraham; no Yitzchak if not for Rivkah; no Yaakov without Rachel.” 

I am proud to count myself among this cohort
of Rebbetzins who carved the time to learn more about a position that is not official
or part of our Shul’s budgets.  Indeed
many of the participants at the conference do their Rebbitzen “job” at the same
time as mothering and working as mental health professionals, teachers,
administrators, lawyers, businesswomen, journalists, medical professionals or more.  That Yeshiva University invests in what we
do, that over one hundred busy women took off the time to attend, and that our
husbands enabled us to do so, is itself testament to the importance and impact
of what we do.

Throughout the conference I was filled
with a sense of pride. Pride in the bright futures we have with these women at
the helm.  I found today’s Rebbetzins are
strong, smart, hardworking, caring, competent and beautiful on the inside and
out. They are classy and chic while modest and understated. Their sincerity and
genuine desire to grow in their relationship with Hashem shines through in
everything they do. It was clear from the discussions and questions that came
up that their Judaism and their families will always be paramount in their
lives.  Throughout the conference, I was
so inspired by what shining examples my fellow Rebbetzins are in their
communities and that with their leadership and impact, our future is indeed
bright. 

And yes, there was a Rebbetzins cookbook
produced from our recipes and distributed at the conference, but having a
killer potato kugel is part of what we do and we won’t apologize for it!

It Takes a Live Fish to Swim Upstream

In this week’s Parsha Hashem famously
tells Avram “Lech Lecha – Go forth from your native land and from your father’s
house to the land that I will show you.”

These words, which challenge Avraham with his first test and form the name of our parsha, are repeated by Hashem to Avraham as his 10th and final test: “Take your son, your favored one, Isaac, whom you love, and Lech Lecha – go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the heights that I will point out to you.”

The Midrash (Tanchuma Lech Lecha 3)
actually wonders, which test was greater, the first “Lech Lecha” or the second?  How could the rabbis have seriously
considered that question?  How could
anything compare to the test of sacrificing one’s beloved child?

While the Midrash concludes that the second Lech Lecha, the test of the Akeida was greater, there is insight to be gleaned from the question being asked. Perhaps the Midrash considered the possibility of our Parsha’s Lech Lecha being greater because it is exceedingly difficult to break the momentum, to interrupt the trajectory that our lives are going in and to discover ourselves, our story, who we are meant to be and the lives we are meant to live.

To be a Jew, the progeny of Avraham, is to embark on the journey to identify who we are and what we can bring to the world. At the very beginning, God tells Avraham to set out on a journey of lech lecha.  Go find yourself.  Lech lecha, explains the Slonimer Rebbe – yi’udcha tikuncha.  What is your destiny, what is your mission, what can you uniquely contribute and what is the world waiting for from you that nobody else can bring or do?

So many people are living other
people’s lives or allowing others to write their story instead of writing it
ourselves.  Nevertheless, Chazal advise: B’makom
she’ein anashim hishtadeil liheyos ish

The simple meaning of this instruction is to step up when nobody else
does.  But on a deeper level, some
explain it means nobody else can be you by definition, nobody else can offer
what you can or do what you can do. 
Don’t let others write your story, rather lech lecha, write your
own next chapter.  You don’t have to be
stuck in that pattern or on that trajectory of life. 

It is easy to be like everyone else,
go with the flow, and fulfill the dreams or expectations of others.  It is less complicated to just fit in, act
like everyone else, believe what others believe, live like others are living,
continue on the path or trajectory that was started years or decades ago.  But, as W.C. Fields once said, “Remember, a
dead fish can float downstream, but it takes a live one to swim
upstream.” 

Avraham was called Avraham Ha’Ivri
meaning mei’eiver, on the other side.  When the whole world
took one position and stood on one side, he had the courage to stand out,
remain true to the vision and will of the Almighty and to stand on the other
side, even when it meant standing by himself. 
He was willing to go against the flow to discover his true self, to
pursue his mission, to write his story which has shaped our stories. 

Hashem promised him the Lech Lecha would be L’Tovascha, for his own good, his own benefit and his own pleasure. The same holds true for us. There is nothing better or more fulfilling than the journey of self-discovery and actualization.  Nothing brings more satisfaction than making a difference, than being a blessing.

Hashem spoke to Avraham and He speaks to each of us and invites us to write our own story. The only question is are we listening and are we ready to swim, sometimes even upstream? 

How Will You Spend Your Extra Hour?

According to information that will
soon be outdated, Netflix subscribers around the world consume
164 million
hours of Netflix each day. In an attempt to allow its
subscribers to consume even more in even less time, Netflix created some
controversy this week by testing a feature that would allow users to speed up
video playback as fast as 1.5 times the original speed.

The news was met with intense
backlash from show creators and movie directors who want their creations to be
seen as they intended. One actor wrote this feature would allow Netflix to “completely
take control of everyone else’s art and destroy it.”  

Speed control already exists on
several platforms including podcast players, Youtube and even on YUTorah.org.  Whether consuming the most precious and holy
content possible, our sacred Torah, or l’havdil, binging on entertainment
that shouldn’t be in our lives, people want more in less time and now have that
ability. 

The central story of our Parsha is
the hard reset that God performed on the world, undoing all that He had created
and restarting the world anew.  Hashem
took such a drastic measure because, the Torah tells us, the world had become
filled with corruption and moral depravity. 
Indeed, the Sefas Emes says, the flood was midah k’neged mida,
measure for measure.  The people had
violated all boundaries of behavior and so Hashem removed the boundaries that
protected the earth from water.

The Gemara (Sanhedrin 108a) makes a
mysterious comment:  “The generation of
the flood became corrupt as a result of the great blessing that God had
bestowed upon them.”  What does that
mean?

Rav Pam zt”l says the key to understanding this Gemara and what happened to Noach’s generation can be found in our title character’s name.  The pasuk at the end of Bereishis tells us that Lemech names his son Noach saying, “this one will bring us rest from our work and from the toil of our hands from the ground which Hashem had cursed.”  Rashi explains that until that time, the world had continued to suffer from the curse that God gave Adam, b’zeias apecha tochal lechem, you will have to work with the sweat of your brow to draw bread from the ground.  Until Noach was born, man labored from morning to night and worked tirelessly with his bare hands just to have food to eat, leaving no recreational or down time. 

Lemech saw prophetically that Noach
was destined to invent the plow and other agricultural tools that would make
man much more efficient and would ease his burden.  Lemech names him “Noach” from the root “nuach,”
to rest, in the sense of providing relief.  

Rav Pam explains that the plow and other
tools were the great blessing that Gemara referenced that were bestowed upon
this generation and yet, they became corrupt with it.  He explains, the inventions and progress
yielded more free time.  That time was obviously
a blessing and gift. It could have been used constructively, productively and
meaningfully.  Instead, the generation
discovered the down time and used it for corrupt activity.  The breakthrough and advancement could have
brought spiritual ascent, instead they brought moral decline.

Someone shared with me the story of
his friend’s grandmother, a Holocaust survivor who made her way to the United
States. With the characteristic perseverance of one who could not allow Hitler
to win, and despite her poverty, she raised her children to value life,
learning and the Jewish nation.

At some point in the 1960’s, after a
number of years saving penny by penny, she had finally saved up enough to buy
an electric washing machine. On the day that she purchased the washing machine,
she called her children in and told them, “Until now, I’ve spent an enormous
amount of time washing clothing by hand. 
Now that we have this machine, I have discovered something I haven’t had
until now – free time.  Now that I no
longer need to spend all day at home, we’re going to the library. If we have
free time, it’s to be used for learning.”

We are blessed to live in the
greatest era of technological breakthrough of all time.  Simple tasks that used to eat up our time can
now be accomplished in seconds or through automation, in no time at all.  We’ve advanced from the washing machine,
dishwasher, bread machine, and microwave, to time-saving modern wonders like
GPS, lightning-fast computers in our pockets, smart homes, and more. 

Do we use the newfound time to
pursue frivolous activities and indulge in hedonistic experiences? Or, do we
use the time we are gaining with each breakthrough for meaningful, productive
and constructive activities?  Are our
greater comfort and expanded time leading to moral decay and decline, or moral
development and progress?

The Mishna in Pirkei Avos (3:1)
quotes Akavya ben M’halalel who teaches that a person should always keep in
mind, “Before Whom he will have to give Din V’cheshbon, judgment and
reckoning.”  What is the difference
between din and cheshbon?

The Vilna Gaon explains that din
refers to judgment for mistakes, indiscretions and poor decisions we made.  Cheshbon is not about what we did
wrong during our time, but what we could have done right during that time.  We will have to account for din, for mistakes we made, but we will even be held accountable for
the cheshbon, the calculation of what we could have accomplished if we
had only taken advantage of the time we claimed we don’t have.

Have you ever found yourself wishing
there were more than 24 hours in a day?  This
weekend, your dream comes true.  With the
clock change Saturday night, we will be gifted an extra hour.

A friend of mine in Israel, Akiva
Danto, runs a beautiful learning program the night the clock is changed.  He tells people, we claim we want to learn
but don’t have the time.  Well, each fall
we gain an extra hour.  What will we do
with it?

Will we just stay out a little longer
or watch just a bit more?  Or, will we
use it to read the book we claim to never have time to read or learn the Torah we
say we wish we had time to learn?  Will we
waste it or utilize it, let it slip away or embrace it for something
meaningful.

Our rabbis say, בדרך שאדם רוצה לילך מוליכין אותו, when we show which
path we want to take, we are helped to move forward on it.  In the merit of utilizing our extra hour for
something noble and meaningful, may we be blessed to find many “extra
hours” during the year to further our commitment to Torah and advance our
personal growth. 

You Don’t Know Who is At the Table

So Always Measure Your Words Carefully

What if you knew the person or people you
were talking to desperately wanted to have a child or would give anything to have
another child, but were struggling to make it happen?  Wouldn’t you measure your words more carefully?
Wouldn’t you navigate conversations topics more thoughtfully? Wouldn’t you avoid
saying something insensitive or possibly hurtful?   

12.5% of couples trying to have a child
struggle with infertility, or secondary infertility. Think about those
numbers.  If you are at an event or
sitting with eight couples of childbearing age, statistically at least one of
them is struggling to have a baby and you almost certainly don’t know which one
it is because that couple likely hasn’t shared these private struggles. 

Not only do insensitive words unintentionally
hurt those struggling, but even events, programs, or rituals on the Jewish
calendar can compound pain.  Several years
ago, I heard from someone desperate for a child how she dreads Simchas
Torah and is filled with anxiety and angst the days leading up to it. You see, while
the Kol Ha’Nearim Aliyah is among the highlights of the year for those with
small children, for those yearning to be a parent, hearing and seeing parents
kvell at their children and grandchildren gathered under the communal Tallis is
a harsh reminder of what they don’t have. 
In some ways, the Aliyah serves as a harsh reminder that they don’t belong
to a club they desperately want membership in. 
(This can apply to singles, too, who also deserve our great sensitivity
and thoughtfulness.)

In an effort to channel that moment of
parental joy and satisfaction into an opportunity for prayer and petition on
behalf of all those wanting children, that year, we introduced a special
tefillah right before the Kol Ha’Nearim Aliyah. 
Immediately before reciting the Tefillah, I quietly read a confidential list
of names submitted from around the world. 
It was so gratifying when I got an email from someone I don’t know whose
unbridled happiness practically burst through the computer screen as he shared
that he had submitted a name to us the previous Sukkos and wanted to inform us that
he was now the father of a healthy baby. 
I can only hope and pray for more follow-up emails like that.

Once again, we invite anyone who would
like us to direct our heartfelt prayers towards their merit to share their name
or the names of others by emailing reg@brsonline.org

As we get ready to spread our enormous world-record
tallis once again during Kol Ha’Nearim, let’s not only think about the children
sitting under the tallis, but also about those still absent from that special
moment.  In their merit, let’s commit to
be more sensitive and thoughtful.  Here
are some tips on what to say and not say to any couple, whether or not you are
aware of their particular situation. (The following are actual things that have
been said to people in our community suffering from infertility.)

  • Avoid the question, “How many children do you have?” This is difficult for those trying to conceive who have never gotten pregnant as well as those who have miscarried or those who have lost a child or children. A parent (especially a mother) will always remember how many children she has carried so this comment can be very hurtful to respond to. A child at any stage who has been lost will always “count” to a parent. Not sure how to approach this question? Let others volunteer information about their children if they wish first.

  • Avoid the questions, “How long have you been married…No children yet?” or “When are you going to have another baby?” Don’t assume you can question or comment on one’s plans to start a family or add to a family, as no couple will answer with, “We have been trying for [2, 4, 10] years and don’t have a child yet.”

  • Don’t assume that a couple who
    doesn’t have children or has one child is “focused on their careers” and has no
    time for children or doesn’t want children.

  • Don’t say, “You guys are so lucky
    you don’t have children now – you can be free to do whatever you want.” Couples
    who are struggling with infertility want nothing more than to be tied down with
    a baby. Making light of the situation and brushing it off with a “you’re so
    lucky” comment is extremely hurtful.

  • Never say, “You’re young, you have
    time before you have to start trying,” “Don’t try right away,” “Give yourself
    time to get to know one another,” or, conversely, “You should have a baby
    before [such and such age].” The choice of when to start having children is
    never a topic for a friend or family member (including a parent). It is the
    couple’s choice when to start, and is a private discussion that occurs between
    husband and wife. This is a sacred and private aspect of a marriage. In
    addition, if someone has decided to open up to you and share their struggle, it
    means that they are sharing something extremely private, making them extremely
    vulnerable and exposed. Many need an ear, not an insensitive “wave it off”
    comment.

  • If you know of a couple who has a
    few children and are trying to conceive, have lost a pregnancy, or have had a
    stillborn, a hurtful thing to say to them is, “Be glad for the children you
    have – maybe you were only meant to have [1, 2, 3, etc.]” Such a comment
    can cause irreparable damage.

  • Don’t ask another person’s child,
    “Don’t you want a little sister/brother?” So many people ask young children
    this question and children are usually unaware of the struggle parents go
    through. This comment can hurt a child or cause the child to put pressure on the
    parents who are already trying to do all they can as they deal with their
    infertility issues.

  • Difficult as it can be, try not to
    complain in any way about your children in front of a childless couple. Mentioning
    how annoyed you are that they woke you in the middle of the night, how
    frustrated you are with your crying baby, how your children drive you crazy,
    how carpool is “the worst,” how you got no sleep and “miss the days you were
    free like you guys,” how hard it is to be a parent, etc. is extremely insensitive.
    Couples struggling with infertility would give anything to hold a crying baby
    in their arms and have a sleepless night.

  • If possible, plan a night out with
    a couple who doesn’t have children. Helping someone challenged by infertility
    feel like they still “fit in” even though they don’t have children lets them
    know they have your friendship even though they don’t share the common bond of
    being a parent. A lot of pain comes from feeling left out and not having
    anything in common with friends who are parents.

  • If someone you know has told you they are struggling with infertility, check in once in a while and say you are thinking of them and wondering how they are feeling. This is much better than saying, “Thinking of you and your struggle” or “How are your treatments going” or “When is your next fertility treatment?” If someone you really care about is struggling, let them know you are praying for them and that you are there no matter what – they will open up to you if they feel comfortable and ready to share the intimate struggles they are going through.

  • Some of the most hurtful comments are: “Why don’t you adopt?” or “We know someone who adopted and then got pregnant right after” or “There are so many children who need adopting” or “Maybe this is a sign from Hashem it’s not going to happen for you naturally.” The choice to adopt or expand a family in a variety of ways is deeply personal, and you can trust a couple is weighing all the options without needing such unsolicited advice from others.

  • Lifestyle suggestions such as what to eat or drink, going organic, putting one’s legs up, catching the next full moon, doing yoga, and avoiding things like trampolines are not helpful. Remember that you are not a fertility doctor. What worked for you or a person you know, or something you read online, is not always going to work for someone else. Many fertility issues need to be corrected with intense medical treatment, and some can never be corrected for various reasons. Your input is only another painful reminder of the struggle they are dealing with. If couples are looking for suggestions, they will ask for advice. Unsolicited advice is usually very unwelcomed and can have the opposite effect than what was intended.

  • The comment, “Just relax, it will happen,” can be offensive because it comes across as concluding the reason for the infertility being stress. Infertility is a medical issue and especially painful – a lot of stress stems from the pain of not being able to be a parent and less from the medical diagnosis. In addition, the couple will never not stress. Infertility is a daily struggle–everywhere a couple turns they are reminded of children (on Facebook, in shul, commercials, movies, at the mall, etc.). People struggling with fertility cannot escape it and every day these reminders add to their burden.

  • Religious suggestions such as “Get a bracha from this rabbi,” “Try this segula,” “Say this prayer,” or “God has a plan–stop worrying,” again, are unsolicited and unwelcome pieces of advice. Many people do all of the above for years and still have no child. These suggestions can, in fact, turn couples away from God. When prayers, blessings, or segulas don’t seem to be working, they can easily start to lose faith. Unless they ask, don’t offer your two cents. Instead, give them the honor of being “kvater” at a bris if you think it appropriate, ask for their Hebrew names so you can daven, say Tehillim, and bake challah with them in mind. If you are in your ninth month of pregnancy and go to the mikvah for the segula of an easy birth, offer the woman the honor of going into the mikvah right after you as a segula for them. These things may not work, but it’s less about trying to find a “magical potion” that gets them pregnant, and more about letting them know that you have their back and support them, are doing all you can to be there for them, and that their struggle is important to you.

The Best Things in Life are Not Things

A Sukkos Message for Finding Happiness

When Thomas Jefferson
was tapped to draft the Declaration of Independence, he famously included something
as an “inalienable right” that wasn’t a right or priority before in a world
that people were simply striving to survive. Every citizen of the United States
of America, Jefferson concluded, will have the right to pursue happiness. 

Though Jefferson
described happiness as a pursuit, we live in a time where it has become an
expectation, an entitlement.  And yet, it
remains as elusive as ever, maybe even more than ever.

Pesach is zman
cheiruseinu
, the time we can achieve liberty and freedom.  Shavuos is zman mattan toraseinu, a
time for a renewed commitment to Torah. And Sukkos is characterized as zman
simchaseinu
, a time rich with potential for happiness.  I might have assigned those designations a
little differently.

On Pesach we sit at a
magnificently set table and recline as we drink four glasses of wine.  Shavuos we indulge in ice cream and cheesecake,
vehicles of boundless happiness and joy for many.  And then comes Sukkos, which finds us sitting
outside in a flimsy structure, eating off paper plates, fighting off bees,
flies, the cold or the heat, and minimizing the variety of food at each meal so
that we won’t have to carry out and in too many plates.  Which sounds least likely to be anointed “zman
simchaseinu”?
 

Rav Kook (Moa’dei
Ha’reiya) points out that we find the sukkah as the symbol of our yearning for
peace.  Prophecies reference the day we
will sit in the great sukkah.  On Shabbos
and Yom Tov evenings, we daven…

הפורש
סכת שלום עלינו ועל כל עמו ישראל ועל ירושלים

“Blessed are You, God, Who spreads
the sukkah of peace upon us and upon His nation Israel and Jerusalem.”  What is the connection between peace and the
sukkah?

Imagine you hire a contractor to
build or renovate your house.  You pay to
build a house, which typically consist of rooms with walls and a roof.  One day the contractor tells you he is done and
you take a look. Lo and behold on one side, the walls don’t reach all the way
to the ground and on the other they don’t extend all the way up to the
ceiling.  The wall has countless holes in
it and the roof has a gap.  Infuriated,
you confront the contractor. Without missing a beat, he replies, “What are you
upset about, the wall comes within 3 tefachim (9-12 inches) off the ground, so
it is as if it is connected.  And the
other wall extends up 10 tefachim (30-40 inches from the ground), but because
it is aligned under the edge of the roof it is as if it extends down to meet
the wall so that is a full wall.  And in
terms of the roof, the gap is less than 9 inches so I consider the roof
complete.”  Would you be satisfied with
his explanation?

And yet, when it comes to Sukkos, we
are obligated to have walls and a roof.  Nevertheless,
Hashem essentially tells us, “You know what, here are creative ways to define
walls and a roof.  Use the leniencies of lavud,
gud asik mechitzta, pi tikra yoreid v’soseim, dofen akuma,
and I will view
it as if the walls and roof are complete. 
If your wall comes within 3 tefachim of the ground, lavud, that
is close enough. If you have a gap in the ceiling but it’s less than 3 tefachim,
I will view it as closed, etc.”

When sitting in the typical sukkah,
to see a complete structure you must employ your imagination and creativity to focus
on what is there, not what is missing. 
These are the same ingredients to achieve peace, says Rav Kook. In
addition, I believe these are the critical ingredients to not only pursue
happiness, but to catch up to it.

We can focus on the details, the
minutiae, the deficiencies and shortcomings, what is missing, and the gaps in
our life, and we will be miserable.  Or,
we can employ imagination and creativity and find happiness.  Happiness is not the result of getting what
we are missing, but it is achieved by focusing on what is there and seeing our
lives as complete, even if it often takes imagination and creativity to do so.

Happiness doesn’t come from things,
it comes from experiences and it comes from relationships.  Don’t get me wrong, things are nice, they are
good, and they are enjoyable, but we all know or have heard of plenty of people
with lots of things who are still pursuing happiness who haven’t yet found it.  And there are people who lack many things,
but are very happy.

Emory University conducted a comprehensive study studying the relationship
between wedding expenses and marriage duration. 
The two economics professors behind the study analyzed data from 3,000
married or once-married couples.  They
found that women whose engagement rings cost over $20,000 are 3.5 times more
likely to get divorced than those in the $5,000 to $10,000 range. Men who
spent $2,000 to $4,000 on their wife’s ring got divorced 1.5 times more
than those who dropped between $500 and $2,000. 
Of course, these results are much more correlation than causation.  There are happily married people with
enormously expensive rings, but the study concluded that having an expensive
ring or the capacity to buy other expensive things had an inverse impact on
your having a successful marriage. 

Rav Hirsch writes, “The madness with
which we cling to our worldly possessions leaves no room for our true
happiness.”  Sukkos is zman
simchaseinu
because we just finished standing in shul, begging for our
lives and saying the words mi yichyeh u’mi yamus, thinking about the
people who left the world this past year, and wondering and fearing who may not
be here next Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. 

Look back at the year we just
experienced. Think of the people in the Bahamas whose homes right now look less
sturdy or stable than our sukkos and be happy for what you have. Think about
the Jews murdered in Pittsburgh and Poway, guilty only of the crime of coming
to davening, and channel your gratitude for being alive into happiness.  Think about people in your life who would
give anything to sit in a hot, humid, buggy, uncomfortable sukkah with a loved
one who is no longer here. Consider the world around us and all that can go
wrong and choose to see what is going right in your life.  Use your imagination and creativity if
necessary and see what is there, not what is missing.

The Shelah HaKadosh says there can
be absolutely no anger in the Sukkah.  We
cannot and must not contaminate our holy sukkahs, designed to invoke happiness,
with impatience, anger or harsh words. 

In the sukkah, don’t feel the heat
of the sun, feel the warmth of your family. 
Don’t focus on who is not at the table, focus on who is there.  Don’t focus on what spilled, focus on how
much is left to enjoy. 

The Shem Mi’Shmuel points out this
holiday is called “Chag HaSukkos,” not “Chag HaLulav,” because immersing
ourselves in the Sukkah is the secret to finally finding happiness.  Go out of your diras keva, your home
with fixed walls and a full roof and step into your diras arai, an
incomplete hut that takes creativity and imagination to see as a dwelling, and
you will experience zman simchaseinu, happiness and joy. 

Rabbi Efrem Goldberg

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